chronic

英 [ˈkrɒnɪk]

美 [ˈkrɑːnɪk]

adj.  长期的; 慢性的; 难以治愈(或根除)的; 长期患病的; 糟透的; 拙劣的

CET6考研TOEFLIELTSGRETEM4TEM8

Collins.2 / BNC.4016 / COCA.3654

牛津词典

adj.

• 长期的；慢性的；难以治愈（或根除）的
  lasting for a long time; difficult to cure or get rid of
  1. chronic bronchitis/arthritis/asthma
     慢性支气管炎 / 关节炎 / 哮喘
  2. the country's chronic unemployment problem
     该国长期存在的失业问题
  3. a chronic shortage of housing in rural areas
     农村地区住房的长期匮乏
• 长期患病的
  having had a disease for a long time
  1. a chronic alcoholic/depressive
     慢性酒精中毒者；长期抑郁症患者
• 糟透的；拙劣的
  very bad
  1. The film was just chronic.
     这部电影简直糟透了。

柯林斯词典

• ADJ (疾病、残疾)慢性的，长期的
  Achronicillness or disability lasts for a very long time.
  1. ...chronic back pain.
     慢性背痛
• ADJ 难以根除的;积习难改的
  You can describe someone's bad habits or behaviour aschronicwhen they have behaved like that for a long time and do not seem to be able to stop themselves.
  1. Anyone who does not believe that smoking is an addiction has never been a chronic smoker.
     不相信抽烟能上瘾的人肯定不是老烟民。
  2. ...a chronic worrier.
     总是忧心忡忡的人
• ADJ (局势或问题)严重的，顽固的
  Achronicsituation or problem is very severe and unpleasant.
  1. One cause of the artist's suicide seems to have been chronic poverty...
     那位艺术家自杀的一个原因似乎是极端贫困。
  2. There is a chronic shortage of patrol cars in this police district.
     这个治安辖区严重缺乏巡逻车辆。

英英释义

adj

• being long-lasting and recurrent or characterized by long suffering
  1. chronic indigestion
  2. a chronic shortage of funds
  3. a chronic invalid
• habitual
  1. a chronic smoker
  Synonym:inveterate
• of long duration
  1. chronic money problems
  Synonym:continuing

双语例句

• One cause of the artist's suicide seems to have been chronic poverty
  那位艺术家自杀的一个原因似乎是极端贫困。
• They think his illness is acute rather than chronic.
  他们认为他的病是急性的，不是慢性的。
• He experiences chronic, almost pathological jealousy
  他长期心怀近乎病态的嫉妒。
• The researchers also said the antioxidants folic acid and B vitamins are harmful or ineffective for preventing chronic diseases.
  研究人员还说，抗氧化剂叶酸和维生素B对预防慢性疾病是有害或无效的。
• The contributions employees pay give cover against sickness, including chronic invalidity
  员工的定期缴款用来支付生病的花费，包括长期病残的开销。
• Anyone who does not believe that smoking is an addiction has never been a chronic smoker.
  不相信抽烟能上瘾的人肯定不是老烟民。
• Objective To compare the cardiac functional effect of doxofylline and aminophylline on asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases.
  目的比较多索茶碱和氨茶碱对哮喘和慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者心功能的影响。
• Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease includes emphysema and chronic bronchitis, as well as asthmatic bronchitis.
  慢阻肺病包括肺气肿和慢性支气管炎，以及哮喘性支气管炎。
• Chronic fatigue is also one of the salient features of depression.
  慢性疲劳也是抑郁症的显著特点之一。
• Iron also can affect chronic hepatitis patients, response to interferon treatment.
  铁会影响慢性肝炎患者对干扰素的应答。